Vibrator



Feb. ll, 1947.

C. HUETTEN vIBRA'roR Filed June 1s, .1944

INVENTUIL CLA REA/CE fia/fsT-rfs/Vv "CAM GAM ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 11, 19,47

vmm'roa Clarence Huetten, Indianapolis, Ind., assigner to P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc., Indianapolis, Ind., a

corporation of Delaware Application June 16, 1944, Serial No. 540,646

4 Claims.

It is another obj-ect of the invention to provide an improved magnetic system for relays, vibrators, and the like, in which a deflectable armature is arranged in the field of a coil energized by unidirectional current and may be deected in a direction determined-.by the flow of current` through a second coil. -Y

It is'a further object of the invention to'provide a vibratory interrupter organization including a pair of coaxially mounted coils, one of which upon being energized sets up a 'constant polarizing eld, the other ot which 'upon-- being energized alternately in opposite directions is adapted to maintain an armature in vibration.

- Fig. l in which reference character I ll denotes a' It is also within the contemplation of the in- 1 vention to provide a vibratory interrupter ofthe polarized type comprising a polarizing coil and a driver coil having aligned coaxial openings therein into which a vibratory armature may extend, said polarizing coil being unidirectionally energized and said driver coil being alternately energized in opposite directions through a system of contacts operable by the armature, thereby sustaining vibratory action of the armature.

The invention also contemplates a vibratory interrupter of the polarized type which ls extremely simple in construction, does not require any permanent magnets, and which may be readily manufactured and sold on a practical and commercial scale at a low cost.

Other and further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 illustrates a circuit diagram of a polarized vibratory interrupter employing permanent magnets;

Fig. 2 depicts a diagrammatic view of the structure and of the circuit organization of a vibratory interrupter embodying the principles of the invention; and

Fig. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the vibrator of the invention.

While a preferred embodiment of the invention is described herein, it is contemplated that considerable variation may be made in the method of procedure and the construction of parts without Vdeparting from the spirit of the invention. In the following description, and in the claims, parts will be identified by specific names, for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the art will permit.

Recent developments in the vibrator art have indicated the advantages of vibratory interrupters in which a vibratory armature is provided in a magnetic eld of constant polarity, deecting force being applied to said armature by alternately magnetizing the same in opposite directions by means of a driver coil. Polarized vibratory systems of this type have the advantage that deflection of the armature in either direction 'is positively controlled by the mutual attraction and U. S. application Serial No. 543,255, of Robert J. "Aust, illed July 3, 1944, to which application is hereby reference made.

The circuit organization of a typical polarized vibratory interrupter will be understood from vibratory reed, the end of which extends into the magnetic field of poles of opposite polarity oi permanent magnets II and I2. Windings of wire constituting a driver coil i3 are arranged around the armature, said coil upon being energized from a source of current is adapted to magnetize the armature in a direction determined by the direction ofcurrent ilow through the coil. Armature I0 carries vibratory contacts I4 and I5 adapted to respectively cooperate with relatively xed contacts I6 and I1, contacts I5 and Il being normally closed. The ends of driver coil I3 are connected to ilxed contacts I6 and I1 and also to tliej'e'nds of primary winding I8 of a step-up transformer I9. A source of low voltage direct current 20 has its terminals connected between armature III and the center tap of the primary Winding.

Considering the operation of this circuit, current will flow from the positive terminal of source 20 through the left hand half of the primary winding, through driver coil I3, and through contacts I5 and I'l and the armature back'to the negative terminal of the source. At the same time a current of greaterintensity will iiow from the positive terminal of the source through the right hand half of the primary winding, contacts I1 and I5 and the armature back to the negative terminal of the source. The winding direction of the driver coil with respect to the polarity of the source is so determined that a South pole will be .formed at the upper end of the amature and under the effect of the constant magnetic ileld of magnets II and I2 will I back to the negative terminal of the source.

deflect the armature to the left until it closes contacts I4 and I6. It will benoted that in this position of the armature the direction of current flow in the driver coil will be reversed in that current will flow from the positive terminal of 'the source through'the right hand half of the primary winding, and through the driver coil and through contacts I4 and I6 and the armature It is also to be observed that in this case the direction of the major portion lof the current owing through the primary winding will be likewise reversed, such flow being from the positive terminal of the sourcel through the left hand half of the primary winding, through contacts I5 and I5 and the armature back to the negative terminal of the source. A North pole will now be induced at the free end of the armature, causing deflection thereof to the right where contacts I5 and Il will be closed again and the operating cycle will begin anew. Clearly, the armature will be maintained in continuous vibration so long as energy is supplied to the system and the 4major portion of the current flow through'the primary winding will be reversed synchronously with the vibrations of the armature whereby an alternatlng Voltage is induced in secondary winding 2l. This alternating voltage may be rectified in any conventional manner, such as by-means of synchronous contacts carried by the varmature or by means of a tube rectifier.

Polarized vibratory systems of the described character have been successfully constructed and operated. One of the practical diculties experienced was connected with the provision of permanent magnets which are relatively expensive. In accordance with the principles of the present invention, these diiilculties are eliminated by providing a novel magnetic circuit and coil arrangement in which permanent magnets are dispensed with and the polarizing and driver fields are obtained by means of a pair of coaxially mounted coils.

The invention will be best understood by ref'erring to Fig. 2 in which reference character 22 denotes a polarizing coil and I3 denotes the driver coil corresponding in arrangement and function to coil I3 of Fig. 1. Coils 22 and I3 are coaxially mounted with respect to each other and have aligned central openingsdening a space 23 into which the free end of the vibratory armature Ill extends. means of a. ferromagnetic member 24, of which one end 25 extends into polarizing coil 22, is bent around coils 22 and I3 at 25 and 2l, is carried across the bottom surface of coil I3, is bent up and around coil I3 at 28 and 29 and is finally bent again at 30, extending within coil I 3 to 3I. An opening 32 is provided in the lower horizontal portion of member 24 corresponding to opening 23 in the coils for permitting the armature to enter the inner coil space. The circuit connections of the driver coil, of the contacts and of the transformer are identical with the circuit illustrated in Fig. 1 and similar reference characters have been employed to denote corresponding parts. It is to be noted,

however, that permanent magnets II and I2 are replaced by polarizing coil 22 which is directly connected across source 20. l

When the polarizing coil 22 is energized, th magnetic circuit may be traced from the extension of element 24 into the center of coil 22 the gap back to 25. This makes 25 and 3l oppo- The magnetic circuit is determined by l 4 site poles between which there is established a magnetic eld. y

Upon driver coil I3 being energized in one direction, the armature will be magnetized so as to be deflected tothe left, making the magnetic circuit 25-25-27--32-air gap-armature-air gap-25. Energizing the driver coil in the opposite direction will force the armature to'the rightV and will convert the magnetic circuit to armatureair gap-3l--25-28-air gap-armature. In other words, polarizing coil 22 connected across the sourcle 2B replaces the permanent magnets of Fig.

From the foregoing description, the operation of the vibrator of 'the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. As the circuit organization, apart from the connection of the polarizing coil, is identical with that of Fig. 1, it will not be necessary to repeat description of the same, particularly in View of the use of similar reference characters to denote correspondingparts in both figures. lt will be sufficient to state that in the initial position one set of contacts is closed and the driver coil is energized in vsuch direction as to cause deilection of the armature into a position in which the said set of contacts is opened and the other set of contacts is closed. This will energize-the driver coil in the opposite direction and will cause return of the ,armature into ,its initial position where the cycle is repeated in a manner well -understood Thus, the armature will be maintained in vibration and current will be alternately passed through the two halves of primary winding I8 in opposite directions, thereby inducing an alternating voltage in the secondary winding 2 I. This induced alternating voltage may be rectiiied by means of synchronous contacts operated by the armature or in some other conventional Way.

The structural organization of a preferred emcenter of the coils through which armature 39 may extend. Ferromagnetic member Il() is likewise constituted of flat stock with two right angle bends as illustrated around coil 35 and is secured to the other ferromagnetic member 33 at 4I, for example by means of spot welding. Members 33 and 40 are so constructed and arranged that -after being secured together they will hold coils 35 and 36 tightly in place.

The stack is secured to the lower end of member 34 and comprises two insulative spacers 42, side spring 43,]two insulative spacers 44, metal plate or spacer 45, hinge plate or reed Miof the vibratory system, insulative spacers 41, side spring 48, insulative spacer 49, and metal plate 50. The stack is clamped together by means of bolts 5| -extending through aligned holes of the several stack members and nuts 52. The said holes are large enough in diameter to accommodate insulative bushings (not shown) to insulate the several metallic members from each other.

The vibratory system is carried by the upper end of hinge plate 46 to which there are secured armature 39 and side arms 53 and 54 with the interposition of spacer plates 55 and 56 by means of rivets $1. The free ends of side arms 83 and 84 carry vibratory contacts B8 and 58, respectively, cooperating with relatively fixed contacts Il and BI. 'I'he magnetic system including pole pieces 32 and 63 within polarizing coil 35 and the initial position of amature 39 with respect thereto are so determined that both sets of contacts are open while the polarizing coil is not energized. Upon energizing said coil, however, the

magnetic iield between pole pieces 62 and 63 slightly displaces the armature into its normal initial position shown in Fig. 2 in which one set of contacts is closed to initiate the cycle oi operation, as is explained more fully in connection with the said figure. In view of the foregoing detailed description of the structure and of the circuit organization of the vibrator, the operation of this preferred embodiment of the invention is obvious.

The principal advantages oi' the magnetic circuit and coil arrangement oi' the invention are its great structural simplicity and the facility of manufacture. The coaxially mounted polarizing'coil provides a simple and highly efdcient substitute for the expensive permanent magnets, and permits the vibrator to run from either polarity of the source oi curren't. The single-legged frame structure shown in Fig. 3 permits easy adjustment by bending, i'or centering the amature between the coil sides of the holes.

It is also to be observed that the principles of the invention oil'er great advantages in the construction oi vibrators of very small dimensions and having high operating frequencies, The principles of the invention are likewise applicable to the construction oi' polarized relays and of indicators or annunciators in which the operative condition of an electrical circuit is visually indicated by displacement of a disc or similar member attached to the end oi' the armature.

While the present invention, as to its objects and advantages, has been described herein as carried out in specific embodiments thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereby but it is intended to cover the invention broadly within the y spirit and scope of the appended claims.

-What is claimed is:

1. A vibratory interruptor comprising in combination a polarizing coil and a driver coil coaxially mounted with respect to each other and having aligned central holes therein, a ferromagnetic member having its ends extending into said polarizing coil from opposite directions and deiining therein pole pieces of opposite polarity when said coil is energized, a ferromagnetic armature mounted for vibration extending into said coils and adapted to be deflected when, said driver coil is energized, and a lsystem of contacts operable by said armature to alternately energize said driver coil in opposite directions thereby to w maintain the armature in vibration.

2. A vibratory interrupter comprising in com bination coaxially mounted polarizing and driver coils having aligned central holes therein. a magnetic circuit for said coils including at least one ferromagnetic strip having its ends extending into the polarizing coil in opposite directions and having its intermediate portlon bent around said coils to holdthem in nxed relative position. the endsy of said strip dening spaced pole pieces otopposite polarity when said polarizing coil is energized, a hole in said strip substantially in alignment with the holes of said coils, an armature mounted for vibration extending through said holes into cooperating relation with said pole pieces, vibratory contacts on said armature, and 5 `relatively fixed stationary contacts cooperating with said vibratory contacts, said contacts being adapted to be electrically associated with the driver coil and a source of current to alternately pass current in opposite directions through said coil thereby to maintain said armature in vibration.

3. A polarized' vibratory interrupter comprising in combination a polarizing coil and a driver coil having a central hole therein coaxlally mounted with respect to each other, a pair of ferromagnetic strips having one of their ends extending in opposite directions into said polarizing coil to constitute pole pieces of opposite polarity when said coil is energized, said strips being secured together and at least one of them being extended away from said coils, a stack mounted on the end of said extended strip, a vibratory armature clamped in said stack at one end thereof and having'its free end extending into said coils in cooperative relation with said pole pieces, vibratory contacts on said armature, relatively iixed contacts cooperating with said vibratory contacts, and stack-clamped means for supporting said fixed contacts, said driver coll being adapted-.to be alternately energized in opposite directions through said contacts thereby to maintain the armature in vibration.

4. A polarized vibratory electromagnetic interupter comprising in combination an upper polarizing coii and a lower driver coil having aligned central holes therein, a rst ferromagnetic stripv having one end extending into the upper coil and being formed with two right angle bends to entend downwardly along one side of said coils, a second ferromagnetic strip having one end upwardly extending into said upper coil and being formed with four right angle bends to extend around one side and the bottom surface oi the lower coil and to further extend downwardly along with and beyond the lower end of the first strip, means for securing said strips together, a hole in the second strip aligned with the holes oi said coils, a stack mounted on the lower end of said second strip, an armature mounted for vibration in said stack bearing vibratory contacts and extending through said holes into cooperative relation with said pole fpieces, and stackclamped stationary contacts adapted to cooperate with said vibratory contacts. said pole pieces being imparted opposite polarities when the said polarizing coil is energized and said driver coil being alternately energized through said contacts in opposite directions thereby to maintain the amature in vibration.

CLARENCE HUETTEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the nle ci this patent:

UNTI'ED STATES PATENTS 

